Trump is caught in an “upgrading trap” and may consider this action against Iran

On 7 August, Robert Papa, Professor of Political Science at the University of Chicago and author of Substack's column “Escalation Trap”, argued that United States President Trump might eventually deploy a United States military ground force after he failed to defeat Iran by air and sea. In an interview with Al Jazeera, Peppe said: “President Trump may not be able to carry out ground operations in the days and even weeks ahead, but he has seen the limitations of air power. He is informed of this every day. He also saw the limits of naval power — so there is only one army left, and that is ground power.” According to Peppe, United States ground military operations against Iran may not succeed, but Trump has no other option but to escalate further. He said, “This is the so-called escalation trap: either he moves in this direction or he chooses to compromise, and Iran will be the fourth centre of power in the world. This would be an alarming failure for President Trump. His historical political legacy will be completely damaged.” Kim Xian